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Hungerford, H.R., Peyton, R.B.,
and Wilke, R. (1980)
Goals for Curriculum Development in Environmental Education
GOAL LEVEL I--The Ecological Foundations Level:
Upon completion of instruction in environmental education, the learner should be expected to be able to...
- ... communicate and apply the major ecological concepts including those focusing on individuals, species, populations, communities, ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, energy production and transfer, interdependence,niche, adaption, succession, homeostasis, and man as a ecological variable.
- ... apply a knowledge of ecological concepts to the analysis of environmental issues and identify important ecological principles involved.
- ... apply a knowledge of ecological concepts in predicting the ecological consequences of alternative solutions to environmental problems.
- ...understand the principles of ecology in order to identify, select and utilize appropriate sources of scientific information in a continuing effort to investigate, evaluate and find solutions for environmental issues.
GOAL LEVEL II--The Conceptual Awareness Level:
- ...understand and communicate how man's cultural activities (e.g., religious, economic, political, social and others) influence the environment from an ecological perspective.
- ...understand and communicate how an individual's behaviors impact on the environment from an ecological perspective.
- ...identify a wide variety of local, regional, national and international environmental issues and the ecological and cultural implications of these issues.
- ... identify and communicate the viable alternative solutions available for remediating crucial environmental issues as well as the ecological and cultural implications of these various solutions.
- ... understand the need for environmental issue investigation and evaluation as prerequisite to sound decision making.
- ... understand the roles played by differing human beliefs and values in environmental issues and the need for personal values clarification as an important part of environmental decision making.
- ... understand the need for responsible citizenship action in the solution of environmental issues.
GOAL LEVEL III--The Investigation and Evaluation Level:
- ... apply the knowledge and skills needed to identify and investigate issues (using both primary and secondary sources of information) and synthesize the data gathered).
- ... demonstrate the ability to analyze environmental issues and the associated value perspectives with respect to their ecological and cultural implications.
- ... demonstrate the ability to identify alternative solutions for important issues and the value perspectives associated with these solutions.
- ... demonstrate the ability to evaluate alternative solutions and associated value perspectives for important issues with respect to their ecological and cultural implications.
- ...demonstrate the ability to identify and clarify personal value positions related to important environmental issues and their associated solutions.
- ... demonstrate the ability to evaluate, clarify, and change value positions in light of new information.
GOAL LEVEL IV--The Issue Resolution Skill Level:
- ... demonstrate a competence with a variety of citizenship action skills from the following categories of skills: persuasion, consumerism, political action, legal action, and ecomanagment.
- ... evaluate selected actions in light of their ecological and cultural implications.
- ... demonstrate the ability to apply one or more citizenship action skills for the purpose of resolving or helping to resolve one or more environmental issues.
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